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Canadian National Railway Stock Has Been Losing Steam: Bargain or Beware?

CNR’s share pullback could be a buying opportunity, but slowing freight volumes and heavy debt mean investors should be cautious.

Amy Legate-Wolfe

Author Bio Amy became interested in investing in 2018 after having her first daughter. After receiving a masters degree in journalism from Western University, she became frustrated that the finance industry remained a confusing place for Canadians like her: new parents, millennials, and other young people who needed to understand their finances. Now, Amy focuses on tech companies and renewable energy for growth opportunities, coupling that with long-term investing strategies and equities. She also provides investors with a daily newsletter, Canada Stock Digest, for daily market updates. Her work can also be found at Canada's National Observer, where she writes on the business side of climate action. Before joining Motley Fool Canada, Amy wrote for major news organizations including HuffPost, CTVNews.ca, and CBC. When she’s not researching investing strategies, Amy’s time is pretty much monopolized by her two wild daughters, but in what little spare time she has she loves to do yoga, go on walks with her dog, and travel with her husband. Social Media Follow Amy on LinkedIn and Canada Stock Digest. Favorite Investment Quote “October: This is one of the particularly dangerous months to speculate in stocks. The others are July, January, September, April, November, May, March, June, December, August and February.” – Mark Twain

Published September 24, 2025 3:36 pm EDT

Key Points

Shares have slid amid weaker freight volumes and heavy debt, making the stock riskier in the near term.
CN Rail still generates strong margins, robust cash flow, and a durable duopoly moat with a 2.8% dividend.
Consider dollar-cost averaging or waiting for improving volumes, free cash flow, and debt reduction before committing.

Investors in Canadian National Railway (TSX: CNR) might be a bit stressed out these days, and it’s not hard to see why. Shares of CNR stock have been under pressure recently, to put it mildly. As of writing, shares are down about 12% year-to-date, and almost 20% in the last year alone.

So, does this mean investors can get in on an opportunity, or should they beware of this dropping railway stock? Let’s dig into what’s going on with CNR stock, and get into the bull and bear options.

Train cars pass over trestle bridge in the mountains — Source: Getty Images

What happened

CNR stock has had a few issues that have put it under the investor microscope, so let’s get into them here. First, slowing revenue growth and volumes have seen quarterly revenue down 1.3% year over year. For a railway, these small declines in volumes or pricing can dent growth and therefore investor sentiment. Add in the macroeconomic sensitivity – with rail freight volumes tracking industrial activity, energy production, auto manufacturing, and intermodal trade – and softening can seriously hurt the stock.

What’s more, CNR stock has high leverage and low cash buffers. Its total debt sits at $20.9 billion at writing, with its debt-to-equity (D/E) ratio near 97%. This has raised concerns about financial flexibility, especially if interest rates stay higher or if cash flow weakens. And with cash on hand at $217 million, this is relatively low compared to its debt.

Finally, investors have been fearful about the future. CNR stock is capital-intensive, spending heavily on network maintenance and expansion. So if capital expenditures or investment timing increase, then free cash flow (FCF) can be volatile. Taken together, it’s a stock under stress.

Any hope?

Now that we’ve gone over the bear case, is there any hope for the once-great stock? In fact, there are a few points to consider. For one, CNR stock has demonstrated strong profitability and returns. Its profit margin remains at 26.6% and operating margin at 41%, with a return on equity (ROE) at 22.3%. These are actually high for a capital-intensive business, showing it remains an efficient operator with pricing power.

What’s more, CNR stock has solid cash flow generation. Its operating cash flow came to $6.7 billion for the last year, with leveraged free cash flow at $2.3 billion. This shows it can generate significant cash that can fund capital expenditures, dividends, debt paydowns and even buybacks.

What’s more, it’s a durable franchise with a solid moat. CNR stock is a North American Class I railroad part of a duopoly, and therefore has very little competition in the sector. These high barriers to entry and extensive network are nothing but a benefit. Better still? It still offers a 2.8% dividend yield with a 48% payout ratio at writing.

How to decide

There are a few items to consider – first, whether CNR stock is valuable or not. The company trades at a trailing price-to-earnings (P/E) of 17.5 and forward PE at 15.1. This shows the stock is looking more and more valuable compared to recent history. However, its price-to-book (P/B) of 3.8 shows investors still price in a premium over book value.

Interested investors will likely be watching a few things then. For instance, volume and revenue need to trend upwards, so watching quarterly carloads, intermodal volumes, and revenue per ton/mile or revenue tonnage will be important. Guidance will hopefully come up, and free cash flow must be able to sustain dividends and reduce debt. Furthermore, investors will need to be sure it doesn’t lag behind peers in both earnings and share price.

Foolish takeaway

There are thus a few options here. If you’re interested, dollar-cost averaging can be a great way to get in on value, while equalling out your investment to reduce timing risk. You could also wait for a few quarters to see if there are improvements.

Yet overall, CNR stock is far from a broken company. It still generates strong margins, cash flow, and a defensible network. The pullback has actually improved its valuation, making now a possibly attractive entry point. However, near-term risk comes from macro sensitivity. So investors will need to manage their own risk tolerance before considering an investment in this railway stock.